Pulp and paper chemistry and technology volume 2 pulping. The word apparent signifies that the more a country exports paper as manufactures ie. Make a list of 15 pulp or paper products found in your home. Fastmarkets risis coverage and insight can help you make better decisions. German word meaning strong that is used to denote paper or pulp made by a particular wood digestion process the sulphate process. Papermaking, formation of a matted or felted sheet, usually of cellulose fibers, from water suspension on a wire screen.
Estimated global market pulp production in 1999 and 2000. During the evaporation of black liquor from softwood pulping, tall oil soap a mixture of sodium resinates named after the swedish word for pine floats to the. Describe one other way that paper is changed by chemical or mechanical means to make new uses possible. Kraft, that is the german and swedish word for strength, is considered. Handbook of pulp and paper terminology page 1 of 1 handbook of pulp and paper terminology by g. If oxygen based bleaching agents is used, the lignin is modified and does not dissolve in water and stay with the pulp in acidic sizing, which is the process of making paper liquid resistant, rosin c19h29cooh, a natural resin from pine trees reacts with alum. Characterisation and evaluation of pulp and paper from sudanese wood species for pulp and paper making article pdf available august 2017 with 1,102 reads how we measure reads. The paper and pulp sector is subject to the same environmental regulations as other industry sectors, but the most significant recent rule making activities affecting the pulp and paper sector are referred to collectively as the cluster rules, a set of air and water rules that were issued simultaneously.
Once you have mastered the basic paper making process, you can try all these variations to create your own unique, personalized paper designs. This fiber is pulped 19 and cleaned, 20 just like the fiber from the digester and the pulper, 21 to ensure a uniform sheet of paper. If you are making a paper containing sizing and mineral clay filler, add 1 tsp. They will also soak up water and dry along with the paper. Figure 81 shows a pulping curve and relationship between yield. Pulp and paper dictionary pulp and paper resources on. The pulp papermaking process is ascribed to cai lun, a 2nd century ce han court eunuch. It produces 9 million tons of pulp each year united states environmental protection agency, 1997a. The pulp and paper industry the ecology of industry. Describe one other way that paper is changed by chemical or mechanical means to make.
Kappa number is used to know the lignin percentage in the pulp. Paper is a thin sheet material produced by mechanically andor chemically processing. Paper mills primarily are engaged in manufacturing paper from wood pulp and other fibre pulp, and may also manufacture converted paper. Correlations between fibre properties and paper properties. At the bottom of the page there is a field where the asterisk is commented. Resources include the pulp and paper merit badge worksheet in pdf format and word format, links, and crossreferences to related badges and awards. Alum aluminium sulphate, added to gelatine in the sizing of paper to stabilize the gelatine. Pulp and paper are manufactured from raw materials containing cellulose fi bers, generally wood, recycled paper, and agricultural residues. Describe the major uses for different kinds of coated paper.
Pulp and paper industry definitions and concepts page 3 of 47 introduction this document provides definitions of terms used in the european paper industry statistics reports, in particular cepis annual and key statistics as well as its sustainability. Pulp and paper manufacturing process in the paper industry paper plays a key role in our daily life and papers have been used for many years from now. A special word of thanks is due to laura alfred, for her kindness, patience and support. This pulp is used to prepare the tissue, bloating and tracing paper. Paper is the basic material used for written communication and the dissemination of information. Also used to bond rosin size to fibres to make paper water resistant. However, turpentine vapors and chlorine dioxide clo. Glossary of papermaking terms abrasion resistance ability of paper product to withstand abrasion. As a consequence of the importance of tissue today, this name is now used internationally as a collective term for sanitary papers. This video presents pulp production process from a to z starting from the wood raw material. This chapter focuses on the considerations for bagassebased pulp and paper manufacture with only a broad overview of the. In developing countries, about 60% of cellulose fi bers originate from nonwood raw materials such as bagasse. Navigate the pulp, paper and packaging market with confidence. It was during this course that i got an indepth look at the pulp and papermaking.
Pulp technology deals with the liberation of fibres fixed in the wood or plant matrix. The harvested wood is first processed so that the fibres are separated from the unusable fraction of the wood, the lignin. Therefore, it leaves about 300 m3 of wastewater subrahmanyam, 1990. Pulp and paper manufacturing process in the paper industry. Basic overview of pulp and paper manufacturing process. Turn to fastmarkets risi for unparalelled information the global pulp, paper, and packaging markets. Figure 11 schematic of main processes in pulp and paper production. Papers are made with the pulp of the woods, which is an ecofriendly product. The making of paper products from wood includes two main technological fields. The pulp and paper making processes princeton university. Recovered paper 18 is often used for additional fiber, or instead of wood fiber from trees. In addition, paper and paperboard provide materials for hundreds of. The group of sanitary papers includes cellulose wadding, tissue and crepe paper, made from waste paper andor chemical pulp also with admixtures of mechanical pulp. The pulp fibers are then prepared for the paper machine in refiners 17.
The pulping process converts this wood into the most appropriate type of pulp. If you ever thought pulp and papermaking was a simple process, think again. Pulping and papermaking introduction and overview james a. Pulp and paper are developed through a soup of chemical, physical and mechanical processes. Canadian and us market potential to justify at least one wordclass integrated pulp and paper mill in each. Sappi is a global company focused on providing chemical cellulose, paperpulp and paper based solutions to its direct and indirect customer base across more than 100 countries. The paper machine then converts the pulp into a thin base paper, which, at the end of the production process, is coated to give it. During pulp and paper making process many manufacturing techniques can be used, and these have a major role to indicate the quantity and composition of the waste stream. Describe the major uses for different kinds of coated papers. Pulp and paper industry an overview sciencedirect topics. Paper production is basically a twostep process in which a fibrous raw material is first converted into pulp, and then the pulp is converted into paper. Paper making process overview pulp and paper mills pulp mills separate the fibres of wood or from other materials, such as rags, wastepaper or straw in order to create pulp. Pulp and paper manufacturing and processing covers nace sector c17 and can be. With the appropriate technology and configuration, production lines operate cost and energyefficiently while producing highquality pulp, paper, board or tissue from a variety of raw.
It evolved from an earlier soda process using only sodium hydroxide as the active chemical and adds sodium sulfide to the cooking chemical formulation. Ppt introduction to pulp and paper industry chemical. However, todate the trend is reversing from wood as the major source of pulp for paper making to non wood materials such as agricultural food crop residues, grasses, shed tree leaves, fibrous shells of fruits and others. Conventionally, paper is manufactured from cellulosic materials like bamboo, hardwood, cotton rags, etc. This document is highly rated by chemical engineering students and has been viewed 464 times. Pdf pulp and paper production from sugarcane bagasse. It represents 91% of chemical pulping and 75% of all pulp appendix 2, section g. Wastewater production in the pulp and paper processes wood preparation, pulp washing, pulp bleaching and paper making processes as well as the digester house are the major wastewater producers in the pulp and paper industry. The word paper is etymologically derived from latin papyrus, which comes from the greek. The required to produce one ton of paper is expected to be around 273455 m3. Paper and board making must be understood as an integrated process from furnish preparation to the roll wrapping process. Since then, it has been cheaper to produce pulp and paper from wood.
Measured by determining degree and rate that a sample loses weight under specific rubbing action of an abrading substance, such as an eraser. Word term definition a acid free paper free from any acid content. Apr 05, 2020 ppt introduction to pulp and paper industry chemical engineering notes edurev is made by best teachers of chemical engineering. When filling in the paper profile word form, write an asterisk, after the. Given this, the present study makes an inquest into the paper. Starting with the production of the most important raw material, wood.
Absorbency property of pulp, paper, and its constituents and products that permits the entrainment and. Tappi is a professional organization dedicated to the pulp and paper industries. Pdf characterisation and evaluation of pulp and paper. This term describes further operations after papermaking to make products from paper. When filling in the paper profile word form, write an asterisk, after the figures in the parameter fields. Paper technology is the knowledge of how to unify the fibres to form the paper web. Pulp and paper industry definitions and concepts cepi. The threat on forest woods and environmental sustainability has led to an aggressive research into the suitability of several agricultural waste materials for pulp and paper production. This process of pulp and paper making is economically viable and it is energy saving as sun ray is used for drying purpose. Paper, is thus, recognized almost as a touchstone of socioeconomic development. Papyrus is a thick, paperlike material produced from the pith of the cyperus papyrus plant, which was used inancient egypt and other mediterranean cultures for writing before the introduction of paper into the middle east and europe. Electricity distributed international paper appm ltd. The pulp papermaking process is ascribed to cai lun, a 2ndcentury ce han court eunuch. The following is an outline of principal manufacturing processes at a paper mill.
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